What term describes the use of lasers to target specific tissues without harming surrounding areas?

The term that describes the use of lasers to target specific tissues while sparing nearby areas is selective photothermolysis. This concept relies on the principle of selectively delivering laser energy that is absorbed by certain chromophores (color-absorbing molecules) within the target tissue.

In selective photothermolysis, the wavelength of the laser is chosen so that it effectively targets the specific tissue or structure, such as hair follicles or blood vessels, while minimizing damage to the surrounding healthy tissue. The process involves using short pulse durations that allow for rapid heating of the target area, which subsequently leads to its destruction or alteration without affecting adjacent structures.

This principle is fundamental in laser treatments, particularly in cosmetic and medical applications like hair removal, scar reduction, and vascular treatments, where precision is crucial for achieving desired outcomes without unintended side effects.